Moms of this number of children tend to get the most sleep (surprisingly)

Moms of this number of children tend to get the fruchtwein sleep (surprisingly)Moms of this number of children tend to get the most sleep (surprisingly)One in three Americans doesnt get enough sleep according to a recent study published by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. The American Academy of Sleepand The Sleep Research Society recommends healthy adults between the ages of 18 and 60, sleep at least seven hours each night.The Director of the CDC s Division of Population health reports,As a nation, we are not getting enough sleep, said Wayne Giles, M.D., director of CDCs Division of Population Health. Lifestyle changes such as going to bed at the saatkorn time each night rising at the same time each morning and turning off or removing televisions, computers, mobile devices from the bedroom, can help people get the healthy sleep they need.Considering, how big a role distractions play in keeping us up at night, it follows that moms are having considerable trouble obtain ing quality sleep.Follow Ladders on FlipboardFollow Ladders magazines on Flipboard covering Happiness, Productivity, Job Satisfaction, Neuroscience, and moraA new study published by Amerisleep, analyzing data from The American Time Use Survey from the Bureau of Labor Statistics, which included a sample size of 31, 621 individuals, posits that mothers of three get the least amount of sleep of any other demographic observed in the report. Oddly enough, however, mothers of five children were found to be the most well-rested, securing an average of 9.0 hours a night, which is two hours more than the recommended amount.The Parents with the worst sleepBy the time parents have five children, theyve figured out a way to maximize sleep despite the demands of their busy lives whereas parents who have three children are generally outnumbered for the first time and that may take away their ability to sleep as long, Nicole Canon told Today Parents.Today was actually the first to break the story, in their segment, detailing why moms of five have the best shot at consistent good nights rest. The strange thing is, as indexed in the chart above, while its true mothers of five children score the most sleep, most parents receive more than the amount of sleep recommended by medical experts. These results varied by gender, but only fractionally. The average father of one achieved around 8.8 hours of sleep per night, whereas the average dad of five got something closer to 8.4 hours of sleep a night.Moms with multiple children were also found to multitask more, and also engage in a bit more napping than dads did. The other factor that notably influenced quality sleep for parents was the ages of the children in the home. Dads with daughters between the ages of one and five and sons between the ages of 13 and 17 got the least sleep of the male respondents. Moms with daughters of the ages two and under and sons under the age of one got the least sleep of the female respondents.The diff erence between these metrics owes themselves principally to responsibility and neuroscience. A recent study cited in the study titled, Do Women Need More Sleep Than Men? Published by the National Sleep Foundation, list the various factors that often sees women requiring more sleep than men. Some of them are neurological, like the studied tendency to multitask, others are things like, being woken up and moved around on the bed by the partner, (men tend to be larger than women) or worrying about problems and losing sleep as a result. Moreover, in the latest study, women were found to spend about an hour more each day on household activities then men do, which might explain why women clock in 12 more minutes of sleep than their male counterparts.Some have pointed out that there were potential variables noticeably absent from the new study. For example, an independent study conducted by The Pew Research Center, revealed that, on balance, working moms receive about five hours less sleep than stay at home moms do.Even still the latest study offers a pretty concrete explanation for the broad findings. A sizeable portion of mothers of five children observed in the survey has grown accustomed to balancing and operating amidst the chaos. The other portion made a concerted effort to achieve quality rest once their broods expanded, in order to efficiently care for them.You might also enjoyNew neuroscience reveals 4 rituals that will make you happyStrangers know your social class in the first seven words you say, study finds10 lessons from Benjamin Franklins daily schedule that will double your productivityThe worst mistakes you can make in an interview, according to 12 CEOs10 habits of mentally strong people

How to Become a Private Pilot

How to Become a Private PilotHow to Become a Private PilotThe private pilot certificate (or private pilot license) has been the most commonly sought-after pilot certificate for years. Some people seek a private pilot certificate purely as a hobby or sport, while others desire the convenience of aircraft travel for vacations or to visit family members.Some private pilots and aircraft owners use their airplane as a primary mode of transportation to business meetings or events, and for some, its a step in the road toward becoming an airline pilot. If youve decided that the private pilot certificate is right for you, then these are the next steps.Private pilots are trained well enough to navigate a small aircraft through the nations airspace by themselves. While in training, a private pilot learns aircraft maneuvers, navigation techniques, emergency procedures, and cross-country flight planning. Private pilot training is more intense than training for a sports pilot certificate or a recr eational pilot certificate, but not quite as extensive as for a commercial pilot certificate. Here are the steps for how to become a private pilot 01Make aya Youre EligibleMake sure you meet the eligibility requirements outlined in the regulations. See FAR 61.103 for more information. A private pilot applicant needs to be at least 17 years old, able to read, speak and understand English, successfully complete the flight training requirements and the knowledge exam. In the end, a private pilot applicant will need to pass a practical exam that consists of a verbal exam and a flight test.02Obtain a Student Pilot CertificateYoull begin by obtaining a student pilot certificate (and typically an aviation medical certificate at the same time). You have three vorkaufsrechts for obtaining a student pilot certificateYou can get your student pilot certificate and aviation medical certificate at the same time at the aviation medical examiners office when you go in for your appointment. The docu ment that the examiner gives you after you successfully complete your medical exam will be both a student pilot certificate and medical exam in one. Itis the most common optionsince the medical certificate is required before a student can solo the aircraft.The second option is to go to an FAA Flight Standards District Office (FSDO) and submit an application for a student pilot certificate by itself.Lastly (and much less commonly), a person can submit an application for a student pilot certificate to an FAA examiner.03Pass a Third-Class Aviation Medical ExamObtain an aviation medical certificate. If you havent already passed your aviation medical exam, youll need to have one done before you can solo the airplane. Solo flight can happen quicker than you think, so its best not to put off the medical exam. To exercise privileges of a private pilot, a person is required to have a current 3rd Class FAA-issued medical certificate.04Find an InstructorIf you dont already have a flight instru ctor or flight school in mind, check at your local airport. If your airport has a flight school or Fixed-Base Operation (FBO), check there first. If not, ask around at the terminal or other business on the field. Its a small community, and most of the time, there are flight instructors that are eager to teach.05Take the FAA Written ExamSome flight schools and instructors will require you to successfully complete the FAA Private Pilot Written Exam before ever stepping foot in an airplane. Others will let you fly as much as youd like while you study at home for the test. Either way, the test must be completed before you can take the final private pilot check ride for your certificate. Its best to take it early on- flying is easier when you have the background knowledge. It just makes sense. Dont put it off.06abflug FlyingYoull need to gain the required flight experience. Youll start by learning basic maneuvers, such as takeoff, landing, turns, climbs, and descents. A student needs at least 10 hours to solo the aircraft, but many people take more time to learn how to fly the airplane- while the primary focus might be learning how to land the airplane, youll also need to know emergency procedures, how to communicate on the radios, etc. After your first solo, youll work on solo cross-country flights youll learn navigation techniques and more difficult maneuvers. From there, youll fine-tune your piloting skills for the final exam- the check ride.07Take the Checkride (FAA Practical Exam)Youll need a certain amount of experience to be eligible for the check ride. For example, a private pilot applicant is required to have at least 40 hours of flight time, of which 20 are from an instructor, and 10 are solo flights. More specifically, youll need at least 3 hours of cross-country training with your instructor, including 3 hours of night flying, one cross-country that is over 100 nautical miles, 10 takeoffs, and landings, and 3 hours of basic instrument training. On top o f that, youre required to have 10 hours of solo flying, which includes 5 hours of a solo cross-country flight, and one cross-country that is over 150 nautical miles with landings at three different airports.The check ride is given by a designated FAA examiner, and it consists of a verbal exam and a flight exam. The exam can last from about two hours to 6 hours, depending on your level of knowledge and the examiners methods. The ground portion is usually done first and can last from 30 minutes to a few hours. If the verbal exam is successful, the examiner will then conduct the flight portion of the exam, which typically lasts 1-2 hours.08Get Your LicenseUpon successful completion of your FAA Practical Test, the examiner will assist you in filling out the FAA paperwork online. Youll have to pay them (rates vary so check with your instructor beforehand). The examiner will give you a temporary private pilot certificate to use while you wait for the official FAA certificate to arrive in the mail.

This CEO dyes her hair brown to be taken seriously

This CEO dyes her hair brown to be taken seriouslyThis CEO dyes her hair brown to be taken seriouslyTo be taken seriously at work by people in positions of power, women sometimes feel like they have to go to extreme lengths to conceal and modify their appearance - all to level the playing field in male-dominated industries. On Monday, Eileen Carey, the Silicon Valley CEO of Glassbreakers, shared one such story, tellingthe BBC that she dyes her blonde hair brunette and wears glasses, having received negative feedback about her looks.I was told for this raise of funds, that it would be to my benefit to dye my hair brown because there was a stronger pattern recognition of brunette women CEOs, she told the BBC, citing how geschftsleben colleagues would compare her to Elizabeth Holmes, a blonde CEO whose failed blood-testing company is hemorrhaging millions to settle lawsuits.Carey elended that the first time she received this advice was from a woman in venture capital.Blondes considered less competent at work in surveyResearch actually finds that theres a stronger pattern recognition with blonde, not brunette women, in corporate leadership positions. Almost half of female CEOs at SP 500 companies are blonde, according to a hair-color stereotyping study.But perhaps the business contacts giving this advice to Carey are alluding to a stereotype of blondes being more likable and less competent than brunettes - thats a leadership myth that continues to persist in the minds of some men. In a study where men were shown the saatkorn women with different-colored hair, men said that the blonde versions of the same women were less competent and independent, yet the blonde versions were perceived to be more warm and attractive.Dr. Jennifer Berdahl, one of the researchers in this study, called this bias the Glinda-the-Good-Witch effect, whereBarbie can be CEO as long as she is young and/or docile because blonde women are not only assumed to be younger than their darker haired counterparts, but are also judged to be less independent-minded and less willing take a stand than other women and than men.Berdahls analysis aligns with Careys personal experience.Being a brunette helps me to look a bit older and I needed that, I felt, in order to be taken seriously, Carey said, citing examples of being more likely to be flirted with at work when she had blonde hair.For me to be successful in this tech industry space, Id like to draw as little attention as possible, especially in any sort of sexual way, she said.Female tech CEOs face subjective criticism like this all the timeThe margin for error in any venture-capital-backed startup is razor-thin. But female entrepreneurs leading startups face additional hurdles from investors who question their ability and judgment and are less likely to look like them. In the U.S., women only make up an estimated 7% of all venture capitalists in charge of deciding if your startup will get the funds it needs to survive another d ay. A 2017 field study of venture capitalist interactions between male and female entrepreneurs found that female entrepreneurs were more likely to get asked how they would not lose while male entrepreneurs were asked how they would win. That difference in the framing of ideas led to female entrepreneurs getting less funding from investors.A recent experiment proved that identifying as a man can make all the difference in startup success. In a recent Fast Company article, Witchsyco-founders Penelope Gazin and Kate Dwyer said they noticed that clients were using a condescending tone of Okay, girls . . . and werent responding to emails in a timely manner. So they decided to see if adding a fictional male co-founder would make a difference. It did. Once Gazin and Dwyer introduced clients to a fictional male co-founder named Keith Mann, client interactions became much more productive.It would take me days to get a response, but Keith could not only get a response and a status update, bu t also be asked if he wanted anything else or if there was anything else that Keith needed help with, Dwyer said.Carey and the Witchsy co-founders took actions to take back control of factors outside of their control, and succeeded. But having to regulate ones appearance for the sake of judgmental investors shows how limiting and insular the ideal startup leader is perceived to be.

Are You Ready The Value of Preparing for Meetings

Are You Ready The Value of Preparing for Meetings Are You Ready The Value of Preparing for Meetings How do you prepare for big meetings or presentations? Has that changed over time, or do you have certain routines you always follow? In speaking with many fellow business owners, Ive found that there are a number of preparation tips  that most entrepreneurs agree will help you put your best foot forward. 1. Know Your Audience Who are you meeting with? Have you done a Google search on them? If you didnt set the agenda, who did â€" and whats on the agenda? Its always best not to be surprised or blindsided at a meeting. The more you know about the people youre meeting with â€" including their backgrounds, their needs, and how they define success â€" the more productive your discussions will be. 2. Eat, Sleep, and Be Merry Nothing beats a good nights rest and a full stomach when it comes to meeting  preparation.  A warm smile and friendly conversation will go a long way in building rapport and, ultimately, a solid relationship â€" which is the foundation for everything that follows. Of course, you wont be in the mood for chitchat and smiles if youre hungry or tired, will you? If youre in a pinch, grab some coffee and an energy bar before you start. It beats hearing your stomach growl and fighting yawns during a meeting. 3. Practice Makes (Almost) Perfect Rehearsals arent just for plays. Whether you think of a meeting as a performance or not, its your job to both inform and entertain your audience members. Nobodys perfect, but you should be comfortable enough with your material that it flows naturally and youre not relying on notes during the meeting. You dont want to be reading off a script â€" you want to be having direct, engaging conversations. 4. Follow Up and Follow Through If you tell the people you meet with youll get back to them on a particular issue, make sure you actually do it. Keeping promises goes a long way and reinforces the quality image and brand you want to project. Personally, I find that, if I write things down, they get done. Find a system that works for you to make sure you always close the loop in the end. - These steps may seem simple, but youd be amazed how many people dont invest the time  and effort  necessary to get into the heads and hearts of their target audience. You want to leave a lasting impression as a consummate professional; you should never let a meeting go to waste â€" especially when it can be a challenge to set one up in the first place. So, take the time you need to be prepared, because even meetings you dont initially think are important may end up putting you in front of people who can help you in the future. Though they might not hire you or buy your product this time, they will remember you for later â€" if you make a great impression, that is. Keep sharpening that axe; you never know when youll need it. *Ed. note: Plenty of people credit Lincoln with this quote, but its difficult â€" if not impossible â€" to verify whether or not he ever actually said it.

Can Your Resume and Cover Letter Use a Little Passion

Can Your Resume and Cover Letter Use a Little Passion Can Your Resume and Cover Letter Use a Little Passion? Can Your Resume and Cover Letter Use a Little Passion Most of us are drawn toward people who are passionate about their work. Their enthusiasm can inspire us to do bigger and better things, spur us into action, or just make us feel good about ourselves. That's why someone like Oprah Winfrey has been successful for nearly 25 years. That's how Martin Luther King Jr. changed the way we view ourselves. And that's why a sports team that wins a big game against great odds inspires more than just its regular fans. In short, they exude passion, and they can ignite passion in us. Could your resume and cover letter use a little passion? If you're not getting calls for interviews, take a good look at how you're presenting yourself in those critical career documents. To see if your resume needs a dose of passion, ask yourself these three questions: 1. What is it about my career and my target jobs that excites me? Is there some aspect of your work that you truly enjoy, that you know you're good at, and that doesn't even feel like work? Maybe even something that makes you look forward to getting into the office on Monday while you're spending a quiet Sunday at home? 2. Do I express enthusiasm for what I like to do and the results I deliver? Consider these two ways of expressing your value in a cover letter: In my seven years as a financial analyst at XYZ Company, I made critical recommendations on corporate investments in other countries. I enjoy sifting through data to assemble clear, coherent reports to executives and corporate boards of directors. That's part of what made me a successful financial analyst at XYZ Company, where I used that data to make critical recommendations on successful investments in other countries. Which one shows more passion? 3. What words do I use to express my enthusiasm, skills, and accomplishments? Strong action words canreflect your passion for your work, and help convey the message that you'll bring that passion to a new job. In the two examples below, one conveys just the facts, while the other adds a little something extra: Led $1.5 million project to replace 2,500 corporate desktop and laptop computers, finishing 2 months ahead of deadline. Spearheaded and oversaw $1.5 million desktop and laptop replacement project, finishing 2 months ahead of deadline. When you're talking about your career accomplishments and your abilities to do the job you're applying for, give the hiring manager a reason to call you for an interview. Being qualified isn't enough, since others are likely to have the same or even a higher level of qualifications. But a positive outlook is contagious, and injecting a little passion into your resume and cover letter can grab the hiring manager's attention and improve your chances of landing an interview.

Ode to the Blingrupt

Ode to the Blingrupt Ode to the Blingrupt Twas ponzipaloosa, and the slithy brokerersDid scofit and fraudit in the Davy Jones Index;All bankholed were the financial sucktor,And the drivelatives quantitatively fassets teased.Beware the Econorrhea, my son!The defiscalation, the statiscry!Beware the greenspanspin, and shunThe derolexing priaponomics!He took his dollardrum sword in hand:Long time the creditastrophic foe he soughtSo rested he by the Econorrhea tree,And stood awhile in thought.And as in stimulescent thought he stood,The Econorrhea, with eyes of flame,Came misundermanaged through the fiscapocalyptic wood,And derivilified as it came!One, two! One, two! and through and throughThe dollardrum blade went snicker-snack!He left it dead, and with its headHe went coda popping back.And hast thou slain the Econorrhea?Come to my arms, my beamish blingrupt!O unbondaged day! Callooh! Callay!He chortled in his joy.Twas ponzipaloosa, and the slithy brokerersDid scofit and fraudit in the Davy Jones Index;All bankholed were the fina ncial sucktor,And the drivelatives quantitatively fassets teased.Check out a few more words from Recessionwires Recession Lexicon.Posted by Laura Rich, RecessionWire.comLemonade Maker: Jim Dowd, IT Entrepreneur Outplacement, Ho! Recession Briefing 3.3

3 Emerging Trends Automotive Engineering

3 Emerging Trends Automotive Engineering 3 Emerging Trends Automotive Engineering Not too many people know automotive trends the way the staff does at The Ohio State Universitys Center for Automotive Research (OSU CAR). This interdisciplinary research center at OSUs College of Engineering focuses on advanced electric propulsion and energy storage systems, engines and alternative fuels, intelligent transportation and vehicular communication systems, autonomous vehicles, vehicle chassis systems, and vehicle safety. One of the biggest trends right now in automotive engineering is improving engine efficiency and fuel economy, says Giorgio Rizzoni, director of OSU CAR. This includes downsizing, down-speeding, direct fuel injection, and boosting. Other engineering trends focus on improving transmissions (adding speeds), accessory load reduction through the intelligent energy management of other vehicle components, vehicle electrification, hybridization, improved battery management systems, new battery chemistries, and power electronics. Weight reduction in vehicle subsystems is also being tested by using lightweight structures made from alternative materials such as aluminum, magnesium, composites, plastics, and multi-material construction, adds Rizzoni. OSU CAR battery aging laboratory. Image: OSU CAR Battery Systems Battery management systems are being designed to meet performance, life, and warranty goals for both batteries and their monitoring and management systems. Automakers need to fully understand how varying operational limits affect the life of battery systems through extensive testing and modeling, followed by developing sophisticated algorithms to track and predict various parameters, such as state of charge and state of health through the life of the battery, comments Rizzoni. In order to expand battery operating range and reduce costs, some researchers are designing and testing new battery chemistries and subsystems. Advanced chemistries could allow batteries to operate through greater temperature extremes, last longer, and reduce weight and cost. Other efforts are being made to reduce the cost of the ancillary systems, such as cooling, to further reduce the total cost of the battery system. Downsizing and Turbocharging The two main benefits in downsizing an internal combustion engine are thermodynamic and mechanical. From a thermodynamic point of view, the engine operation will move towards higher loads, at which the engine efficiency is higher, says Rizzoni. From the mechanical point of view, the positive aspect lies in the reduction of the friction in the piston units, together with the reduction of the number of cylinders. Downsized engines are lighter than conventional engines, thereby reducing vehicle mass and the improving vehicle fuel consumption. Turbocharging recovers the energy of the exhaust gasses to increase the inducted charge, therefore increasing the power-to-displacement ratio. A downsized and turbocharged engine has the potential to have the same or better performance as a non-downsized, normally aspirated engine, with the advantage of a significant increase of fuel efficiency, says Rizzoni. Advanced Combustion Modes Engineers are working to increase the efficiency of internal combustion engines by developing several advanced combustion modes. One of these modes is called (homogeneous charge compression ignition) HCCI. In the HCCI combustion, a highly homogenized mixture of air, fuel, and combustion products from the previous cycle is auto-ignited by compression. This combustion mode aims at combining the advantages of modern diesel and gasoline combustion processes, namely low emissions and high efficiency, states Rizzoni. Another research trend targets ways to recover the energy that is normally dissipated through the coolant and the exhaust gas systems of automotive powertrains using innovative waste heat recovery devices. These systems can convert thermal energy into mechanical or electrical energy, thus increasing the overall efficiency of the vehicle. Organic Rankine cycle, thermoelectric systems, turbocompounding, and recuperative thermal management systems all have potential for significantly increase engine efficiencies. A smaller but still significant aspect of fuel-efficiency research is called intelligent energy management. This ability to more intelligently control the accessory loads in a vehiclesuch as the alternator or power steering, etc.will also contribute to better gas mileage, says Rizzoni. With smarter control of these loads and the addition of stop-start technology there can be significant increases in fuel economy, with small or no increase in total vehicle cost. Mark Crawford is an independent writer. A downsized and turbocharged engine has the potential to have the same or better performance as a non-downsized, normally aspirated engine.Giorgio Rizzoni, director, OSU CAR